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2013 ECE II SEM- ME Curriculum and Syllabus
Curriculum and Syllabus: M.E. 2013 14MCS, AUC 2013
Semester: 02
CP7008, Speech Processing and Synthesis
Subject Introduction / Notes not available
Unit I - FUNDAMENTALS OF SPEECH PROCESSING
Introduction - Spoken Language Structure - Phonetics and Phonology - Syllables and Words - Syntax and Semantics - Probability, Statistics and Information Theory - Probability Theory - Estimation Theory - Significance Testing - Information Theory
Unit II - SPEECH SIGNAL REPRESENTATIONS AND CODING
Overview of Digital Signal Processing - Speech Signal Representations - Short time Fourier Analysis - Acoustic Model of Speech Production - Linear Predictive Coding - Cepstral Processing - Formant Frequencies - The Role of Pitch - Speech Coding - LPC Coder
Unit III - SPEECH RECOGNITION
Hidden Markov Models - Definition - Continuous and Discontinuous HMMs - Practical Issues - Limitations. Acoustic Modeling - Variability in the Speech Signal - Extracting Features - Phonetic Modeling - Adaptive Techniques - Confidence Measures - Other Techniques
Unit IV - EXT ANALYSIS
Lexicon - Document Structure Detection - Text Normalization - Linguistic Analysis - Homograph Disambiguation - Morphological Analysis - Letter-to-sound Conversion - Prosody - Generation schematic - Speaking Style - Symbolic Prosody - Duration Assignment - Pitch Generation
Unit V - SPEECH SYNTHESIS
Attributes - Formant Speech Synthesis - Concatenative Speech Synthesis - Prosodic Modification of Speech - Source-filter Models for Prosody Modification - Evaluation of TTS Systems
REFERENCES:
1. Xuedong Huang, Alex Acero, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, "Spoken Language Processing ? A
guide to Theory, Algorithm and System Development", Prentice Hall PTR, 2001.
2. Thomas F.Quatieri, "Discrete-Time Speech Signal Processing", Pearson Education,
2002.
3. Lawrence Rabiner and Biing-Hwang Juang,"Fundamentals of Speech Recognition",
Prentice Hall Signal Processing Series, 1993.
4. Sadaoki Furui,"Digital Speech Processing: Synthesis, and Recognition, Second Edition,
(Signal Processing and Communications)", Marcel Dekker, 2000.
5. Joseph Mariani, "Language and Speech Processing", Wiley, 2009.
CU7202, MIC and RF System Design
1. To understand the fundamentals of RF radio system design.
2. To understand the various components that constitute an RF radio system for wireless Communications.
3. To know the basic analysis techniques needed for evaluating the performance of an RF radio system for Wireless applications.
Unit I - CMOS PHYSICS, TRANSCEIVER SPECIFICATION AND ARCHITECTURES
CMOS, Introduction to MOSFET Physics - Noise, Thermal, shot, flicker, popcorn noise - Transceiver Specifications, Two port Noise theory - Noise Figure, THD, IP2, IP3 - Sensitivity, SFDR - Phase noise - Specification distribution over a communication link Transceiver Architectures - Receiver, Homodyne, Heterodyne, Image reject - Low IF Architectures - Transmitter, Direct up conversion - Two step up conversion
Unit II - IMPEDANCE MATCHING AND AMPLIFIERS
S parameters with Smith chart - Passive IC components - Impedance matching networks - Amplifiers, Common Gate, - Common Source Amplifiers - OC Time constants in bandwidth - Estimation and Enhancement - High frequency amplifier design Low Noise Amplifiers - Power match and Noise match - Single ended and Differential LNAs - Terminated with Resistors and - Source Degeneration LNAs
Unit III - FEEDBACK SYSTEMS AND POWER AMPLIFIERS
Feedback Systems, Stability of feedback systems - Gain and phase margin, Root locus techniques - Time and Frequency domain considerations - Compensation Power Amplifiers - General model Class A, AB, B, - C, D, E and F amplifiers - Linearisation Techniques,Efficiency boosting techniques, - ACPR metric, Design considerations
Unit IV - RF FILTER DESIGN, OSCILLATOR, MIXER
Overview, basic resonator and filter configuration - Special filter realizations - Filter implementation - Basic oscillator model - High frequency oscillator configuration - Basic characteristics of mixers - Phase locked loops - RF directional couplers hybrid couplers - Detector and demodulator circuits
Unit V - MIC COMPONENTS, ANTENNAS AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
Introduction to MICs - Fabrication Technology - Advantages and applications - MIC components - Micro strip components - Coplanar circuits - Integrated antennas - Photonic band gap antennas - Measurement techniques, test fixture measurements - Probe station measurements - Thermal and cryogenic measurements - Experimental field probing techniques
1. T. Lee, Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits, Cambridge, 2004.
2. B.Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Pearson Education, 1997.
3. Jan Crols, MichielSteyaert, CMOS Wireless Transceiver Design, Kluwer Academic Publications, 1997.
4. B. Razavi, Design of analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill,2001.
5. I.D. Robertson & S. Lucyszyn, RFIC and MMIC Design and Technology, IEE Circuits, Devices and Systems series 13, London, UK, 2001.
AP7301, Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility
To understand the basics of EMI
To study EMI Sources
To understand EMI problems
To understand Solution methods in PCB
To understand Measurement technique for emission
To understand Measurement technique for immunity
Unit I - EMI/EMC Concepts
EMI-EMC definitions and Units of parameters - Sources and victim of EMI - Conducted and Radiated EMI Emission and Susceptibility - Transient EMI, ESD - Radiation Hazards.
Unit II - EMI Coupling Principles
Conducted, radiated and transient coupling - Common ground impedance coupling - Common mode and ground loop coupling - Differential mode coupling - Near field cable to cable coupling - cross talk - Field to cable coupling - Power mains and Power supply coupling.
Unit III - EMI Control Techniques
Shielding , Shielding Material, Shielding integrity at discontinuities - Filtering - Characteristics of Filters - Impedance and Lumped element filters - Telephone line filter - Power line filter design - Filter installation and Evaluation - Grounding,Measurement of Ground resistance-system grounding for EMI/EMC-Cable shielded grounding - Bonding, Isolation transformer, Transient suppressors, - Cable routing, Signal control - EMI gaskets
Unit IV - EMC Design of PCBS
EMI Suppression Cables-Absorptive - Ribbon cables-Devices-Transient protection hybrid circuits - Component selection and mounting - PCB trace impedance - Routing - Cross talk control - Electromagnetic Pulse - Noise from relays and switches - Power distribution decoupling - Zoning - Grounding - VIAs connection Terminations.
Unit V - EMI measurements and standards
Open area test site - TEM cell - EMI test shielded chamber and shielded ferrite lined anechoic chamber - Tx /Rx Antennas, Sensors, Injectors / Couplers, and coupling factors - EMI Rx and spectrum analyzer - Civilian standards-CISPR, FCC, IEC, EN - Military standards-MIL461E/462. - Frequency assignment spectrum conversation - British VDE standards - Euro norms standards in japan - comparisons - EN Emission and Susceptibility standards and Specifications
1.V.P.Kodali, Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies, IEEE Press, Newyork, 1996.
2. Clayton R.Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, John Wiley Publications, 2008
3. Henry W.Ott.,Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, A Wiley Inter Science Publications, John Wiley and Sons, Newyork, 1988.
4. Bemhard Keiser, Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility, 3rd Ed, Artech house, Norwood,1986. .
5. Don R.J.White Consultant Incorporate, Handbook of EMI/EMC , Vol I-V, 1988.
ELECTIVE-II, Elective II
ELECTIVE-III, ELECTIVE III
ELECTIVE-IV, Elective IV
NC7101, High Performance Networks
To develop a comprehensive understanding of multimedia networking.
To study the types of VPN and tunneling protocols for security.
To learn about network security in many layers and network management.
Unit I - Introduction
Review of OSI - Review of TCP/IP - Multiplexing - Modes of Communication - Switching - Routing - SONET - DWDM - DSL,ISDN,BISDN - ATM
Unit II - Multimedia Networking Applications
Streaming stored Audio and Video - Best effort service - Protocols for real time interactive applications - Beyond best effort - Scheduling and policing mechanism - Integrated services - RSVP, differentiated services
Unit III - Advanced Networks Concepts
VPN, Remote-Access VPN - site-to-site VPN, Tunneling to PPP, Security in VPN - MPLS-operation - Routing - Tunneling and use of FEC - Traffic Engineering - MPLS based VPN - overlay networks - P2P connections
Unit IV - Traffic Modelling
Little s theorem - Need for modeling - Poisson modeling and its failure - Non- poisson models - Network performance evaluation
Unit V - Network Security and Management
Principles of cryptography - Authentication - Integrity , key distribution and certification - Access control and fire walls - Attacks and counter measures - Security in many layers - Infrastructure for network management - The internet standard management framework - SMI, MIB, SNMP - Security and administration - ASN.1
1. J.F. Kurose & K.W. Ross,Computer Networking- A top down approach featuring the internet, Pearson, 2nd edition,2003.
2. Walrand .J. Varatya, High performance communication network, Morgan Kauffman Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd. 2nd Edition, 2000.
3. LEOM-GarCIA, WIDJAJA, Communication networks, TMH seventh reprint 2002.
4. Aunurag kumar, D. MAnjunath, Joy kuri, Communication Networking, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1ed 2004.
5. Hersent Gurle & petit, IP Telephony, packet Pored Multimedia communication Systems,Pearson education 2003.
6. Fred Halsall and Lingana Gouda Kulkarni,Computer Networking and the Internet fifth edition, Pearson education
7. Nader F.Mir ,Computer and Communication Networks, first edition.
8. Larry l.Peterson & Bruce S.David, Computer Networks: A System Approach1996
CU7004, Detection and Estimation Theory
1.To enable the student to understand the basic principles of random signal processing,
spectral estimation methods and their applications.
2. To enable the student to understand the different signal detection and estimation methods used in
communication system design and the implications of proper synchronization methods for proper
functioning of the system.
Unit I - DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING
Discrete Random Processes - Ensemble Averages, Stationary processes - Bias and Estimation - Auto covariance,Autocorrelation - Parsevals theorem - Wiener-Khintchine relation - White noise - Power Spectral Density - Spectral factorization - Filtering Random Processes - Special types of Random Processes,ARMA - AR, MA,Yule-Walker equations
Unit II - SPECTRAL ESTIMATION
Estimation of spectra from finite duration signals - Nonparametric methods,Periodogram - Modified periodogram, Bartlett - Welch and Blackman-Tukey methods - Parametric methods,ARMA - AR and MA model based spectral estimation - Solution using Levinson-Durbin algorithm
Unit III - DETECTION AND ESTIMATION CRITERIA
Detection criteria,Bayes detection techniques - MAP, ML,detection of M-ary signals - Neyman Peason,minimax decision criteria - Estimation,linear estimators,non-linear estimators - Bayes,MAP,ML,properties of estimators - phase and amplitude estimation
Unit IV - SYNCHRONIZATION
Signal parameter estimation - carrier phase estimation - symbol timing estimator - joint estimation of carrier phase and symbol timing
Unit V - RECEIVERS FOR AWGN AND FADING CHANNELS
Optimum receivers for AWGN channel - Correlation demodulator, matched filter - maximum likelihood sequence detector, envelope detectors for M-ary signals - Characterization of fading multipath channels - RAKE demodulator,Multiuser detection techniques
1. Monson H. Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling, John Wiley and
Sons, Inc, Singapore, 2002
2. John J. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Pearson Education,
2002.
3. John G. Proakis., Digital Communication, 4 th edition, Mc Graw Hill Publication, 2001.
4. Bernard Sklar and Pabitra Kumar Roy, Digital Communications,Fundamentals &
Applications, 2/E, Pearson Education India, 2009
5. John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Communication Systems Engineering, Prentice Hall, 1994
VL7013, VLSI for Wireless Communication
1.To study the design concepts of low noise amplifiers.
2.To study the various types of mixers designed for wireless communication.
3.To study and design PLL and VCO.
4.To understand the concepts of CDMA in wireless communication.
Unit I - COMPONENTS AND DEVICES
Integrated inductors, resistors - MOSFET and BJT AMPLIFIER DESIGN,Low Noise Amplifier - Design,Wideband LNA ,Design,Narrowband LNA - Impedance Matching,Automatic Gain - Control Amplifiers,Power Amplifiers
Unit II - MIXERS
Balancing Mixer,Qualitative Description of the Gilbert Mixer - Conversion Gain,Distortion - Low Frequency Case,Analysis of Gilbert Mixer - Distortion,High Frequency Case Noise - A Complete Active Mixer - Switching Mixer,Distortion in Unbalanced Switching Mixer - Conversion Gain in Unbalanced Switching Mixer - Noise in Unbalanced Switching Mixer,A Practical Unbalanced Switching Mixer - Sampling Mixer,Conversion Gain in Single Ended Sampling Mixer - Distortion in Single Ended Sampling Mixer ,Intrinsic Noise in Single Ended Sampling Mixer - Extrinsic Noise in Single Ended Sampling Mixer
Unit III - FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZERS
Phase Locked Loops,Voltage Controlled Oscillators - Phase Detector,Analog Phase Detectors - Digital Phase Detectors,Frequency Dividers - LC Oscillators,Ring Oscillators,Phase Noise - A Complete Synthesizer Design Example (DECT Application)
Unit IV - SUB SYSTEMS
Data converters in communications - adaptive Filters - equalizers and transceivers
Unit V - IMPLEMENTATIONS
VLSI architecture for Multifier Wireless System - Hardware Design Issues for a Next generation CDMA System
1. B.Razavi ,RF Microelectronics , Prentice-Hall ,1998.
2. Bosco H Leung,VLSI for Wireless Communication, Pearson Education, 2002.
3. Thomas H.Lee,The Design of CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits,
Cambridge University Press ,2003.
4. Emad N Farag and Mohamed I Elmasry,Mixed Signal VLSI Wireless Design -
Circuits and Systems, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
5. Behzad Razavi,Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill, 1999.
6. J. Crols and M. Steyaert, CMOS Wireless Transceiver Design, Boston,
Kluwer Academic Pub.,1997.
CU7006, Wavelet Transforms and Applications
To study the basics of signal representation and Fourier theory
To understand Multi Resolution Analysis and Wavelet concepts
To study the wavelet transform in both continuous and discrete domain
To understand the design of wavelets using Lifting scheme
To understand the applications of Wavelet transform
Unit I - Fundamentals
Vector Spaces - Properties - Dot Product - Basis, Dimension - Orthogonality and Orthonormality - Relationship Between Vectors and Signals - Signal Spaces - Concept of Convergence - Hilbert Spaces for Energy Signals - Fourier Theory: Fourier series expansion - Fourier transform - Short time Fourier transform - Time-frequency analysis
Unit II - Multi Resolution Analysis
Definition of Multi Resolution Analysis (MRA) - Haar Basis - Construction of General Orthonormal MRA - Wavelet Basis for MRA - Continuous Time MRA Interpretation for the DTWT - Discrete Time MRA - Basis Functions for the DTWT - PRQMF Filter Banks
Unit III - Continuous Wavelet Transforms
Wavelet Transform - Definition and Properties - Concept of Scale and its Relation with Frequency - Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) - Scaling Function and Wavelet Functions (Daubechies Coiflet, Mexican Hat, Sinc, Gaussian, Bi Orthogonal) - Tiling of Time - Scale Plane for CWT
Unit IV - Discrete Wavelet Transform
Filter Bank and Sub Band Coding Principles - Wavelet Filters - Inverse DWT - Computation by Filter Banks - Basic Properties of Filter Coefficients - Choice of Wavelet Function Coefficients - Derivations of Daubechies Wavelets - Mallat's Algorithm for DWT - Multi Band Wavelet Transforms Lifting Scheme - Wavelet Transform Using Polyphase Matrix Factorization - Geometrical Foundations of Lifting Scheme - Lifting Scheme in Z Domain
Unit V - Applications
Wavelet methods for signal processing - Image Compression Techniques: EZW?SPHIT Coding - Image Denoising Techniques: Noise Estimation - Shrinkage Rules - Shrinkage Functions - Edge Detection and Object Isolation - Image Fusion and Object Detection.
1. Rao R M and A S Bopardikar, Wavelet Transforms Introduction to theory and Applications, Pearson Education, Asia, 2000.
2. L.Prasad & S.S.Iyengar, Wavelet Analysis with Applications to Image Processing, CRC Press, 1997.
References:
1. J. C. Goswami and A. K. Chan, Fundamentals of wavelets: Theory, Algorithms and Applications" Wiley Interscience Publication,John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1999.
2. M. Vetterli, J. Kovacevic, Wavelets and subband coding" Prentice Hall Inc, 1995.
3. Stephen G. Mallat, A wavelet tour of signal processing" 2 nd Edition Academic Press, 2000.
4. Soman K P and Ramachandran K I, Insight into Wavelets From Theory to practice, Prentice Hall, 2004.
DS7101, DSP Processor Architecture and Programming
Digital Signal Processor basics
Third generation DSP Architecture and programming skills
Advanced DSP architectures and some applications.
Unit I - Fundamentals of Programmable DSPs
Multiplier and Multiplier accumulator - Modified Bus Structures and Memory access in PDSPs - Multiple access memory - Multi-port memory - VLIW architecture - Pipelining - Special Addressing - Modes in P-DSPs - On chip Peripherals
Unit II - TMS320C5X Processor
Architecture - Assembly language syntax - Addressing modes - Assembly language Instructions - Pipeline structure, Operation - Block Diagram of DSP starter kit - Application Programs for processing real time signals.
Unit III - TMS320C6X Processor
Architecture of the C6x Processor - Instruction Set - DSP Development System: Introduction - DSP Starter Kit Support Tools - Code Composer Studio - Support Files - Programming Examples to Test the DSK Tools - Application Programs for processing real time signals.
Unit IV - ADSP Processor
Architecture of ADSP-21XX and ADSP-210XX series of DSP processors - Addressing modes and assembly language instructions - Application programs - Filter design - FFT calculation
Unit V - Advanced Processors
Architecture of TMS320C54X: - Pipe line operation - Code Composer studio - Architecture of TMS320C6X - Architecture of Motorola DSP563XX - Comparison of the features of DSP family processors.
1. B.Venkataramani and M.Bhaskar, Digital Signal Processors Architecture, Programming and Applications Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited. New Delhi, 2003.
2. Avtar Singh and S. Srinivasan, Digital Signal Processing Implementations using DSP Microprocessors with Examples from TMS320C54xx, cengage Learning India Private Limited, Delhi 2012
3. User guides Texas Instrumentation, Analog Devices, Motorola.
4. Rulph Chassaing, Digital Signal Processing and Applications with the C6713 and C6416 DSK, A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION, 2005
CP7023, Reconfigurable Computing
To understand the need for reconfigurable computing
To expose the students to various device architectures
To examine the various reconfigurable computing systems
To understand the different types of compute models for programming reconfigurable architectures
To expose the students to HDL programming and familiarize with the development environment
To expose the students to the various placement and routing protocols
To develop applications with FPGAs
Unit I - Device Architecture
General Purpose Computing Vs Reconfigurable Computing - Simple Programmable Logic Devices - Complex Programmable Logic Devices - FPGAs - Device Architecture - Case Studies
Unit II - Reconfigurable Computing Architectures and Systems
Reconfigurable Processing Fabric Architectures - RPF Integration into Traditional Computing Systems - Reconfigurable Computing Systems - Case Studies - Reconfiguration Management
Unit III - Programming Reconfigurable Systems
Compute Models - Programming FPGA Applications in HDL - Compiling C for Spatial Computing - perating System Support for Reconfigurable Computing.
Unit IV - Mappning Designs to Reconfigurable Platforms
The Design Flow - Technology Mapping - FPGA Placement and Routing - Configuration Bitstream Generation - Case Studies with Appropriate Tools.
Unit V - Application Developement with FPGAS
Case Studies of FPGA Applications - System on a Programmable Chip (SoPC) Designs
1. Maya B. Gokhale and Paul S. Graham, Reconfigurable Computing: Accelerating Computation with Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, Springer, 2005.
2. Scott Hauck and Andre Dehon (Eds.), Reconfigurable Computing The Theory and Practice of FPGA-Based Computation, Elsevier / Morgan Kaufmann, 2008.
3. Christophe Bobda,Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing Architectures, Algorithms and Applications, Springer, 2010
CU7201, Wireless Communication Networks
To introduce the concepts of wireless communication.
To make the students to know about the various propagation methods, Channel models.
To make the students to know about the capacity calculations multiple antennas and multiple user techniques used in the mobile communication.
To enhance the understanding of Wi-fi, 3G systems and 4G networks.
Unit I - WIRELESS CHANNEL PROPAGATION AND MODEL
Propagation of EM signals in wireless channel - Reflection, diffraction and Scattering - Small scale fading - channel classification - channel models COST -231 Hata model - Longley-Rice Model - NLOS Multipath Fading Models: Rayleigh,Rician - Nakagami, Composite Fading shadowing Distributions - Link power budget Analysis
Unit II - DIVERSITY
Capacity of flat fading channels - Capacity of frequency selective fading channels - Realization of independent fading paths - Receiver Diversity,selection combining - Threshold Combining, Maximum-ratio Combining - Equal gain Combining. - Transmitter Diversity: Channel known at transmitter - channel unknown at the transmitter
Unit III - MIMO COMMUNICATIONS
Narrowband MIMO model - Parallel decomposition of the MIMO channel - MIMO channel capacity - MIMO Diversity Gain - Beamforming, Diversity-Multiplexing trade-offs - Space time Modulation - Space time coding : STBC,STTC - Spacial Multiplexing - BLAST Architectures
Unit IV - MULTI USER SYSTEMS
Multiple Access - FDMA,TDMA - CDMA,SDMA,Hybrid techniques - Random Access:ALOHA - SALOHA,CSMA - Scheduling, power control - uplink downlink channel capacity - multiuser diversity - MIMO-MU systems
Unit V - 3G Overview
Migration path to UMTS,UMTS Basics - Air Interface - 3GPP Network Architecture - 4G features and challenges - Technology path, IMS Architecture - Introduction to wireless LANs - IEEE 802.11 WLANs - Physical Layer,MAC sublayer
1. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
2. HARRY R. ANDERSON, Fixed Broadband Wireless System Design John Wiley India,2003.
3. Andreas.F. Molisch, Wireless Communications, John Wiley India, 2006.
4. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, Modern Wireless Communications, Pearson Education,2007.
5. Rappaport. T.S., Wireless communications, Pearson Education, 2003.
6. Clint Smith. P.E., and Daniel Collins, 3G Wireless Networks, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,2007.
7. Vijay. K. Garg, Wireless Communication and Networking, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,http://books.elsevier.com/9780123735805:, 2007.
8. Kaveth Pahlavan,. K. Prashanth Krishnamuorthy, "Principles of Wireless Networks", Prentice Hall of India, 2006.
9. William Stallings, "Wireless Communications and networks" Pearson / Prentice Hall of India,2nd Ed., 2007.
10. Sumit Kasera and Nishit Narang, 3G Networks Architecture, Protocols and Procedures,Tata McGraw Hill, 2007.
NC7102, Communication Network Modelling and Simulation
Subject Introduction / Notes not available
Unit I - INTRODUCTION TO MODELING AND SIMULATION
Introduction - Discrete event Simulation - Modeling for Computer Simulation - Tools and Methods for Network Simulation - The Simulation Platform - Simulation Framework - Tools and Modeling Approaches for Simulating Hardware
Unit II - MONTE CARLO SIMULATION
Fundamental concepts - Application to communication systems - Monte Carlo integration - Semi analytic techniques - Case study,Performance estimation of a wireless system
Unit III - LOWER LAYER & LINK LAYER WIRELESS MODELING
Physical Layer Modeling - Description of the Main Components of the PHY Layer - Accurate Simulation of Physical Layers - Physical Layer Modeling for Network Simulations - Link Layer Modeling - Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocols - Logical Link Control - Forward Error Detection and Correction - Backward Error Detection and Correction - Queueing and Processing Delay
Unit IV - CHANNEL MODELING & MOBILITY MODELING
Channel Modeling ,The Physics of Radiation - The Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation - Classification of Propagation Models - Deterministic Approaches by Classical Field Theory - Deterministic Geometric Optical Approaches - Empirical Path Loss Approaches - Stochastic Shadowing Models - Stochastic Fading Models - MIMO Channel Models - Mobility modeling,Categorization of Mobility Models - Mobility Models, Random Walk Model - Random Waypoint Model - Random Direction Model, Gauss Markov Model - Manhattan Model, Column Model - Pursue Model, Nomadic Community Model - Selection of Appropriate Mobility Models
Unit V - HIGHER LAYER MODELING & MODELING THE NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Higher Layer Modeling ,Modeling the Network Layer and Routing Protocols - Components of a Routing Protocol,Metrics - Virtual Routing on Overlays - Modeling Transport Layer Protocols - Modeling Application Traffic - Modeling the Network Topology ,Abstraction of Network Topologies by Graphs - Characterizing Graphs, Common Topology Models - Geometric Random Graph - The Waxman Model - Hierarchical Topologies - Preferential Linking - The BarabásiAlbert Model - Modeling the Internet
1.K.Wehrie. Gunes, J.Gross,Modeling and Tools for Network simulation, Springer, 2010.
2.Irene Karzela, Modeling and Simulating Communications Networks, Prentice Hall India,1998.
3.William.H.Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugam, Theodore. S. Rappaport, Kurt L. Kosbar, Principles
of Communication Systems Simulation, Pearson Education (Singapore)Pvt. Ltd, 2004.
4.M.C. Jeruchim, P.Balaban and K. Sam Shanmugam, Simulation of Communication Systems
Modeling, Methodology and Techniques, Plenum Press, New York, 2001.
5.Nejat, Bragg, Arnold, Recent Advances in Modeling and Simulation Tools for
Communication Networks and Services, Springer, 2007.
CU7003, Digital Communication Receivers
Subject Introduction / Notes not available
Unit I - REVIEW OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES
Base band communication - signal space representation - linear and nonlinear modulation techniques - Error tracking and Spectral characteristics of digital modulation
Unit II - OPTIMUM RECEIVERS FOR AWGN CHANNEL
Correlation demodulator - matched filter - maximum likelihood sequence detector - optimum receiver for CPM signals - M-ary orthogonal signals - envelope detectors for M-ary and correlated binary signals
Unit III - RECEIVERS FOR FADING CHANNELS
Characterization of fading multiple channels - statistical models - flat and frequency selective fading - diversity technique - Optimal receivers for data detection and synchronization parameter estimation - coded waveform for fading channel
Unit IV - SYNCHRONIZATION TECHNIQUES
Carrier and signal synchronization - carrier phase estimation-PLL - Decision directed loops - symbol timing estimation - maximum likelihood and non-decision directed timing estimation - joint estimation
Unit V - ADAPTIVE EQUALIZATION
Zero forcing algorithm - LMS algorithm - adaptive decision-feedback equalizer and Equalization of Trellis-coded signals - Kalman algorithm - blind equalizers and stochastic gradient algorithm
1. Heinrich Meyer, Mare Moeneclacy, Stefan.A.Fechtel, Digital communication receivers , Vol I
& Vol II, John Wiley, New York, 1997.
2. U.Mengali & A.N.D Andrea, Synchronization Techniques for Digital Receivers, Kluwer, 1997.
3. John.G.Proakis, Digital communication 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 2001.
4. E.A.Lee and D.G. Messerschmitt, Digital communication , 2nd Edition, Allied Publishers, New Delhi, 1994.
5. Simon Marvin, Digital communication over fading channel, An unified approach to
performance Analysis , John Wiley, New York, 2000.
6. H.Meyr & G.Ascheid, Synchronization in Digital Communications, John Wiley, 1990.
7. R. G. Gallager, Principles of Digital Communication, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
CU7005, Cognitive Radio
1. To enable the student to understand the evolving paradigm of cognitive radio communication and
the enabling technologies for its implementation.
2. To enable the student to understand the essential functionalities and requirements in designing
software defined radios and their usage for cognitive communication.
3. To expose the student to the evolving next generation wireless networks and their associated
challenges.
Unit I - INTRODUCTION TO SDR
Definitions and potential benefits - software radio architecture evolution,foundations - Technology tradeoffs and architecture implications - Antenna for Cognitive Radio.
Unit II - SDR ARCHITECTURE
Essential functions of the software radio - architecture goals, quantifying degrees of programmability - top level component topology, computational properties of functional components - interface topologies among plug and play modules - architecture partitions
Unit III - INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE RADIOS
Marking radio self-aware,the cognition cycle - organization of congnition tasks,structuring knowledge for cognition tasks - Enabling location and environment awareness in cognitive radios concepts - architecture,design considerations
Unit IV - COGNITIVE RADIO ARCHITECTURE
Primary Cognitive Radio functions,Behaviors,Components - A?Priori Knowledge taxonomy,observe phase data structures - Radio procedure knowledge encapsulation - components of orient, plan - decide phases, act phase knowledge representation - design rules.
Unit V - NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS
The XG Network architecture, spectrum sensing - spectrum management, spectrum mobility - spectrum sharing, upper layer issues - cross layer design
1. Alexander M. Wyglinski, Maziar Nekovee, And Y. Thomas Hou, Cognitive
Radio Communications And Networks Principles And Practice, Elsevier Inc.,2010.
2. E. Biglieri, A.J. Goldsmith., L.J. Greenstein, N.B. Mandayam, H.V. Poor, Principles of Cognitive Radio, Cambridge University Press, 2013.
3. Kwang-Cheng Chen and Ramjee Prasad, Cognitive Radio Networks,
John Wiley&Sons, Ltd, 2009.
4. Khattab, Ahmed, Perkins, Dmitri, Bayoumi, Magdy, Cognitive Radio Networks From Theory to Practice, Springer Series,Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 2009.
DS7071, Speech And Audio Signal Processing
To study the basic concepts of speech and audio.
To study the analysis of various M-band filter banks for audio coding
To learn various transform coders for audio coding.
To study the speech processing methods in time and frequency domain
Unit I - MECHANICS OF SPEECH AND AUDIO
Introduction,Review Of Signal Processing Theory,Speech production mechanism - Nature of Speech signal - Discrete time modelling of Speech production - Classification of Speech sounds,Phones,Phonemes - Phonetic and Phonemic alphabets,Articulatory features. - Absolute Threshold of Hearing,Critical Bands - Simultaneous Masking, Masking,Asymmetry - The Spread of Masking,Non simultaneous Masking - Perceptual Entropy,Basic measuring philosophy - Subjective versus objective perceptual testing - The perceptual audio quality measure (PAQM) - Cognitive effects in judging audio quality.
Unit II - TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS: FILTER BANKS AND TRANSFORMS
Introduction -Analysis-Synthesis Framework for M-band Filter Banks - Filter Banks for Audio Coding: Design Considerations - Quadrature Mirror and Conjugate Quadrature Filters - Tree Structured QMF and CQF M-band Banks - Cosine Modulated Pseudo QMF M-band Banks - Cosine Modulated Perfect Reconstruction (PR) - M-band Banksand the Modified Discrete Cosine - Transform (MDCT),Discrete Fourier and Discrete Cosine Transform - Pre-echo Distortion,Preecho Control Strategies.
Unit III - AUDIO CODING AND TRANSFORM CODERS
Lossless Audio Coding-Lossy Audio Coding - ISO-MPEG-1A,2A,2A Advaned , 4AudioCoding - Optimum Coding in the Frequency Domain - Perceptual Transform Coder,Brandenburg - Johnston Hybrid Coder,CNET Coders - Adaptive Spectral Entropy Coding - Differential Perceptual Audio Coder - DFT Noise Substitution,DCT with Vector Quantization - MDCT with Vector Quantization.
Unit IV - TIME AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING
Time domain parameters of Speech signal - Methods for extracting the parameters - Energy,Average Magnitude - Zero crossing Rate,Silence Discrimination using ZCRand energy - Short Time Fourier analysis,Formant extraction - Pitch Extraction using time and frequency domain methods. - HOMOMORPHIC SPEECH ANALYSIS:Cepstral analysis of Speech - Formant and Pitch Estimation,Homomorphic Vocoders
Unit V - LINEAR PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH
Formulation of Linear Prediction problem in Time Domain - Basic Principle,Auto correlation method - Covariance method,Solution of LPC equations - Cholesky method Durbins Recursive algorithm - lattice formation and solutions - Comparison of different methods - Application of LPC parameters - Pitch detection using LPC parameters - Formant analysis ,VELP ,CELP.
1. Digital Audio Signal Processing, Second Edition, Udo Zölzer, A John Wiley& sons Ltd
Publicatioons
2. Applications of Digital Signal Processing to Audio And Acoustics Mark Kahrs, Karlheinz Brandenburg,
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, L ONDON , MOSCOW
3. Digital Processing of Speech signals - L.R.Rabiner and R.W.Schaffer - Prentice Hall --1978
DS7201, Advanced Digi tal Image Processing
To understand the image fundamentals and mathematical transforms necessary for image
processing and to study the image enhancement techniques.
To understand the image segmentation and representation techniques.
To understand how image are analyzed to extract features of interest.
To introduce the concepts of image registration and image fusion.
To analyze the constraints in image processing when dealing with 3D data sets.
Unit I - FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Elements of visual perception - brightness,contrast, hue, saturation,mach band effect - 2D image transforms - DFT, DCT, KLT, and SVD - Image enhancement in spatial and frequency domain - Review of morphological image processing
Unit II - SEGMENTATION
Edge detection, Thresholding, Region growing - Fuzzy clustering, Watershed algorithm - Active contour methods - Texture feature based segmentation - Model based segmentation - Atlas based segmentation - Wavelet based Segmentation methods
Unit III - FEATURE EXTRACTION
First and second order edge detection operators - Phase congruency, Localized feature extraction detecting - Image curvature, shape features Hough transform - shape skeletonization, Boundary descriptors - Moments, Texture descriptors - Autocorrelation, Co-occurrence features - Runlength features, Fractal model based features - Gabor filter, wavelet features.
Unit IV - REGISTRATION AND IMAGE FUSION
Registration- Preprocessing - Feature selection-points, lines, regions and templates - Feature correspondence,Point pattern matching - Line matching, region matching Template matching. - Transformation functions,Similarity transformationand Affine Transformation. - Resampling- Nearest Neighbour and Cubic Splines - Image Fusion-Overview of image fusion - pixel fusion, Multiresolution based fusiondiscrete - wavelet transform, Curvelet transform, Region based fusion.
Unit V - 3D IMAGE VISUALIZATION
Sources of 3D Data sets - Slicing the Data set - Arbitrary section planes - The use of color,Volumetric display - Stereo Viewing, Ray tracing, Reflection - Surfaces, Multiply connected surfaces - Image processing in 3D, Measurements on 3D images.
1.John C.Russ, The Image Processing Handbook, CRC Press,2007.
2. Mark Nixon, Alberto Aguado, Feature Extraction and Image Processing, Academic Press,2008.
3. Ardeshir Goshtasby, 2D and 3D Image registration for Medical, Remote Sensing and
Industrial Applications,John Wiley and Sons,2005.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Pearson,Education, Inc.,
Second Edition, 2004.
2. Anil K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education,Inc., 2002.
3. Rick S.Blum, Zheng Liu,Multisensor image fusion and its Applications,Taylor& Francis,2006.
DS7202, Radar Signal Processing
To understand the Radar Signal acquisition and sampling in multiple domains
To provide clear instruction in radar DSP basics
To equip the skills needed in both design and analysis of common radar algorithms
To understand the basics of synthetic aperture imaging and adaptive array processing
To illustrate how theoretical results are derived and applied in practice
Unit I - INTRODUCTION TO RADAR SYSTEMS
History and application of radar - basic radar function - elements of pulsed radar - review of signal - processing concepts and operations - A preview of basic radar signal processing - radar system components - advanced radar signal processing
Unit II - SIGNAL MODELS
Components of a radar signal - amplitude models - types of clutters - noise model and signal-tonoise - ratio, jamming - frequency models: the doppler shift - spatial models, spectral model
Unit III - SAMPLING AND QUANTIZATION OF PULSED RADAR SIGNALS
Domains and criteria for sampling radar signals - Sampling in the fast time dimension - Sampling in slow time: selecting the pulse repetition interval - sampling the doppler spectrum - Sampling in the spatial and angle dimension - Quantization, I/Q Imbalance and Digital I/Q
Unit IV - RADAR WAVEFORMS
Introduction, The waveform matched filter - Matched filtering of moving targets - The ambiguity function, The pulse burst waveform - frequency-modulated pulse compression waveforms - Range sidelobe control for FM waveforms - The stepped frequency waveform - Phase-modulated pulse compression waveforms - COSTAS Frequency Codes.
Unit V - DOPPLER PROCESSING
Alternate forms of the Doppler spectrum - Moving target indication (MTI) - Pulse Doppler processing, dwell-to-dwell stagger - Pulse pair processing, additional Doppler processing issues - clutter mapping and the moving target detector - MTI for moving platforms: adaptive displaced - phase center antenna processing
1.Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, Mark A. Richards McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005
2. Principles of Radar and Sonar Signal Processing, Francois Le Chevalier, Artech House
3. Radar systems, Peak Detection and Tracking, Michael O Kolawole ,2010,Elseveir
4. Introduction To Radar Systems 3/E, Skolnik, McGraw Hill.
5. Radar Principles, Peyton Z. Peebles, 2009 Wiley India
6. Radar Design Principles-Signal Processing and the environment, Fred E. Nathanson, PHI
CU7211, Innovative System Design Laboratory
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
1.To encourage the students to identify socially relevant problems,
2.To enable him to think of creative solutions for the same,
3.To design and conduct suitable experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data
to produce meaningful conclusions and match with theoretical concepts,
4.To enable the student to appreciate the practical aspects of system design and understand
the associated challenges.
5.To help him develop low cost proof of concept system prototype.
METHODOLOGY:
Students could form teams not exceeding 2 members,
Students should submit / present their ideas to the Lab-in-Charge and get it approved,
Student should submit proposal with system/ technical details and cost implications,
Students should periodically demonstrate the progress they have made.
EVALUATION:
Students should be evaluated on the basis of the following:
o Social relevance of their work
o Utility of the system developed
o Level of proof of concept
o Industry support if obtained, etc.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
1. The student would be able to identify socially relevant issues and apply his knowledge to evolve
feasible solutions.
2. The student would be able to comprehensively record and report the measured data, write
reports, communicate research ideas and do oral presentations effectively.
Unit I - To encourage the students to identify socially relevant problems.
To enable him to think of creative solutions for the same. - To design and conduct suitable experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data to produce meaningful conclusions and match with theoretical concepts. - To enable the student to appreciate the practical aspects of system design and understand the associated challenges. - To help him develop low cost proof of concept system prototype.
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